Tógáil foclóra 1 : an t-ainm briathartha

Tógáil foclóra 1: Ainm briathartha

Please, be gentle and kind to yourself on this journey of learning. Irish is not easy and there are very few linguistic carry overs from other languages.

Might I suggest, also, that you only accept correction from those you have invited to give it. No one has the right try to force their attentions on you. There are 'gaeilgeoirí' out there who think it is OK to correct. It is not OK! It is not done in English. If, in London, a cockney said: "we was dahn the pub'', and one took it on oneself to correct him and say: ''surely, with respect, it should be we 'were'.dahn the pub.'' he would, probably punch you in the mouth.

Uninvited criticism or correction is not acceptable. It is destructive and demeaning, and rarely encouraging. Avoid it. 

Tógáil foclóra 1- an t-AB réamhrá

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Le bhur dtoil, bí séimh, agus cineálta libh féin ar an dturas foghlama seo. Is teanga deacair í an Ghaeilge agus is beag a thrasnaíonn ó theangacha eile.

 Molaim, freisin, gan ceartúcháin a ghlacadh gan iarratas. Níl sé de cheart ag éinne a bheith ina cheartathóir gan chuireadh uait féin(without your invitation). Tá gaeilgeoirí ann a cheapann go bhfuil sé OK. Níl sé. Ní cheartódh siad Béarla, so cén fáth é a dhéanamh i nGaeilge. Féach scéal faoi Cockney sa bhéarla thuas - 'sonc sa bhéal'.

 De ghnáth, bíonn ceartúcháin nó léirmheas gan chuireadh scriosach agus mi-chuiditheach. Seachain é.

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Anois an t-Ainm Briathartha(AB)

Tenses in Irish are quite complicated. To get comhrá going, and get a bit of early success I like to use the ainm briathartha.

Tá na haimsirí casta agus deacair i nGaeilge. 'Sé mo thuairim gur tús maith iad na hainm briathartha i gcomhrá.

Is cleachtadh maith é nuair a fhoghlaimíonn tú briathar nua nóta a dhéanamh ar an AB

Mar shampla:

ag déanamh (doing/making)

ag caitheamh (wearing/smoking/spending)

ag léamh (reading); ag scríobh (writing)

Tógáil foclóra 1- an t-AB mar shamp la

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ag smaoineamh; ag caint; ag labhairt; ag rá. (thinking/talking/ speaking/ saying/

ag dul; ag teacht; ag imeacht

              (going; coming/ departing)

ag siúl; ag spaisteoireacht; ag rith; ag titim

              walking/strolling/ running/ falling

ag cur (putting)

ag ithe; ag ól ( eating/drinking)

ag tabhairt (giving)

ag foghlaim (learning, getting knowledge)

It's a good practice when you learn or note a verb from the dictionary or elsewhere to

make a note of the VN (ainm briathartha)

Once you have the AB all you have to do is change the 'tá' to 'bhí' or to 'beidh' to geta continuous action, present, past and future. This is a boon in comhrá when you haven't time to work things out.

See how often it is used naturally in the 2 short comhrá below.

Nuair atá an t-AB agat is féidir leat an aimsir a athrú. Athraigh 'tá' go 'bhí' nó 'beidh' agus tá aimsir leanúnach agat.

Féach thíos ar na comhráite beaga agus comh minic is a thárlaíonn an t-AB

Comhrá 1

An chistin

Mise: cá bhfuil tú ag dul?

Tusa: Tá mé ag dul isteach sa chistin agus beidh mé ag déanamh cupán tae. Ar mhaith leatsa cupán?

Mise:: Tá mé stiúgtha! Bainne, gan siúicre, led' thoil. Fan ansin! Tá mé ag teacht leat chun an chistin nua iontach a fheiceáil.

Tusa: ....

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Comhrá 2

Tusa: Ar bhuail tú le Seán le déanaí?

Mise: Bhí mé ag caint leis inné.

Tusa: **Bhfuil sé timpeall na háite? Tá ionadh orm mar chuala mé go raibh sé ag dul go Londain mí ó shin!

Mise: Bhuel, bhí ionadh ormsa comh maith. Bhí mé ag dul ar an mbus go dtí an Lár, agus bhí sé istigh ina shuí ina aonar. Ní raibh mé ag caint leis ach cúpla neomat. De réir dealraimh, ní raibh a  mháthair ar fónamh agus bhí air teacht ar ais abhaile.

Tusa: Conas tá sé? Ní fhaca mé le fada é?

Mise: Tá sé ar fónamh comh fada agus is eol dom. Bhí sé dea-ghléasta, ach ní dóigh liom go raibh sé ró-ghliondrach a bheith ar ais.

Tusa: Is ait an rud é, ach bhí mé ag smaoineamh air aréir. Níl fhios agam cad a chuir i gcuimhne dom é! An mbeidh tú ag bualadh leis arís?

Mise: Níl fhios agam. Bhuel, ní dóigh liom go mbeidh. Bhí an bualadh leis ar an mbus gan choinne. Bhí   sé ag dul go Tesco. Ní raibh muid ag caint ach le stad amháin.

Tusa: ....

Tógáil foclóra 1- an t-AB comhráite

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Is ait an rud é = it's a strange thing

stiúgtha (leis an tart) = parched

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Notes:

My concern in these blogs is with spoken Irish rather than written Irish. Remember that the spoken word is often modified by things like body language, facial expression, inflection, gestures etc etc. The spoken word often has shortcuts and elisions. Look at the asterisks below:

** I have left out the 'an" because in normal comhrá the question would be in the voice. See my blog on 'gaeilgeleat.com': 'Comhrá fánach 6'

Pronunciation

I gcomhrá we don't always hear the 'g' in ag. We do if the following word begins with a vowel. Otherwise, we tend to hear 'a', rather than 'egg'.

'-adh' ending is not so easy. In Munster it tends to sound like 'a', but further north is sounds more like 'uh'. Take your pick.